Review Of Scholarly Literature On Cognitive Learning

Review of Scholarly Literature on Cognitive Views of Learning Cognitive learning involves transferring information in the environment into knowledge that is stored in the students’ memory. The learning occurs when new knowledge is acquired or existing knowledge is modified by students’ experiences. Also, learning and development occur when students interact with the environment and people around them. Major types of Cognitivism and the Teaching Methods of Cognitive Learning Theory influence cognitive learning. Major Types of Cognitivism Cognitive Learning implies that the different processes concerning learning can be explained by analyzing the mental processes. It suggests that with effective cognitive processes learning is easier and new information can be stored in the memory for a long time. Cognitive learning is multifaceted and is not based on the work of a single theorist, but it is based upon the work and contributions of several theorists. Edward Chase Tolman, Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, Jerome Bruner, and German Gestalt psychologists were instrumental in producing the dramatic shift from behaviorism to cognitive theories (Yilmaz, 2011). The work of Piaget and Vygotsky has established the foundation of cognitivism. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development focuses on the mechanism of learning within the context of natural sciences of the type of logic that learners use. Piaget believes that the biological maturation that human beings go through causes distinctShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Writing A Literature Review776 Words   |  4 PagesA strong literature review is a signal that an author has solid knowledge to fill gap in a filed, on one hand; it also plays a significant role in attracting readers, on the other hand. A rhetorical literature review may not be difficult for an experienced scholar, but it is a challenge for a Ph.D. student without sufficient relevant knowledge and skills, such as selecting materials related to a research, synthesizing those information, organizing the literature review, choosing appropriate wordsRead MoreMy Purpose For Pursue A Doctorate Degree Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesseek or receive help. As such, I was afforded the opportunity to establis h rapport with the clients through their participation in weekly sessions either in the clinic or within the confines of their home, utilized approaches, including those of cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, solution focused therapy, dialectic behavior therapy, Rogerian approach and Existential therapy framework among others in empowering clients, families and groups to manage their distress. Despite myRead MoreIn support of the constructivist theory of education for future athletic trainers1010 Words   |  5 Pagestheory using a variety of current literature. It is important to note that the theories that are talked about as educational theories are often looked at as both theories of teaching and learning; however most of these theories are not theories of teaching but rather learning (Baviskar, Hartle, Whitney, 2009). This may be especially true for constructivism where there can be a common misunderstanding of what constructivism actually is and how to apply it to learning. Before this paper looks atRead MoreEvidence Based Assessment Of Learning Disabilities1245 Words   |  5 Pages Evidence-Based Assessment of Learning Disabilities in Children and Adolescents Old Dominion University student Honor Pledge: â€Å"I pledge to support the honor system of Old Dominion University. I will refrain from any form of academic dishonesty or deception, such as cheating or plagiarism. I am aware that as a member of the academic community, it is my responsibility to turn in all suspected violators of the honor system. I will report to the Honor Council if summoned.† Signed: studentRead MoreEssay Nur 647e Complete Class2195 Words   |  9 Pagescom/shop/nur-647e-complete-class/ NUR 647E Week 1 Discussion Questions Review the competencies for the nurse educator role of your choice (either hospital-based or academic; ANA or NLN) in the assigned readings. Select one competency and share it with your classmates. Be sure to address why you selected the one you did. Discuss how you have already met it or how you plan to meet it as you embark on your journey as a nurse educator. Support your response with literature. How do you see health care reform affecting theRead MoreOrganizational Learning Essay1212 Words   |  5 PagesLITERATURE REVIEW Experiential learning theory, conversational learning, and seminar practices combine to shape an educational experience that is grounded in principles of appreciative inquiry. (BOB BOB) Action research, which has been a frequently used research method recently, is considered a fruitful research approach used by academicians and teachers to obtain systematic and scholarly information, and to develop current applications in different fields of education. Generally consideredRead MoreIntegrating An Effective Safe And Secure Learning Environment1021 Words   |  5 PagesIntegrating an effective safe and secure learning environment is very imperative when ensuring student safety and success. Student safety is a number one key aspect towards a successful student learning environment. Statistics show that if students are presented in a safe and effective place, whereas the best practice principles in leadership is development accurately, they will grow as students, and their learning abilities will grow as well. Paul J Davis, and educational researcher and author ofRead MoreReview Of Related Literature. There Is A Current Trend1549 Words   |  7 PagesReview of Related Literature There is a current trend now from educational institutions even in organizations outside the education sector wherein research and groundwork is encouraged to be a continuing product of their staff. While some are bound to research work, many are pressed on the demands of it. This is because research is not only a work of an individuals. Educational institutions which aim for a culture in research must also raise, encourage and uphold the work done by the staff. ThisRead MoreImportance Of Play Education And Development Of Children Under 5 Years1754 Words   |  8 Pageswas the main mode of teaching children below the age of five; however, this has since changed to an instruction based approach. Is this shift from play to instruction-based approach commendable particularly in children under five years? Numerous scholarly articles have contributed to the debate. According to an observational study carried out by Leopold (1949), the play is vital especially in the early years of a chi ld’s life. In contrast, Willis (1977) argues that classwork be critical since it isRead MoreIs It A Critical Period For Sla?1288 Words   |  6 Pagesreasons. Most notably, adults as well as children, who have already acquired an L1, logically differ more markedly in learner history and profile between each other than infants do, which makes pooling data an extremely challenging endeavour. Also, learning outcomes (ultimate attainment) vary not only as a function of age but between different same-aged individuals. The strict version of a critical period, be it for FLA or SLA, presupposes a circumscribed developmental period within which everyone

Types of assessment - 1404 Words

What is meant by assessment? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the assessment types and methods you use? How would you involve your learner into the assessment process? Why do we need to keep records of assessment? Assessments are a critical part of the education system; highlighted by Black and Wiliams’(1998) who define assessments as activities providing â€Å"information to be used as feedback to modify the teaching and learning activities in which they are engaged†. There are two forms of assessment; formative and summative. Formative assessments are carried out as the course progresses. These are an informal and simple way of gauging how and what your students are learning. This then allows teachers to amend their teaching†¦show more content†¦Such observations should be planned in advance with the agreement of the learner’s manager and colleagues. However, teachers can take opportunities to record observations of unplanned events, if useful as evidence. Through observations, teacher/assessor can gather sufficient evidence and can then relate the observation back to many different units/elements of the qualification. Also, it allows teachers to see natural competence first hand in an authentic and reliable manner. Nevertheless, there are disadvantages of observations: A learner’s normal duties may not cover all assessment criteria; observations may be unnerving for learners and observations can take a lot of an assessor’s time and expense. Brookfield’s (1998) model of reflection states that it is critical that one views themselves and their teaching through the perspective of their learners. In this lens there is a strong focus on the learner’s ‘voice’ and so value is placed on their viewpoints and also their articulation of work. Therefore, it is important to gain the learners’ thoughts on the assessment strategy. Learners should be informed of how they will be assessed from the onset, involved in feedback and evaluation at every level. Furthermore, prior to assessment, learners could be shown a model answer and given success criterion to ensure they understand how to achieve the desired level/grade. Involving learners in the assessment process is a key way of helping them toShow MoreRelatedPersonality Type Assessment1336 Words   |  6 PagesPersonality Type Assessment (Week-2 Individual Assignment) CMGT/530 - IT Organizational Behavior July 1, 2012 Personality Type Assessment The first section of this paper details the elements that a personality type assessment typically measures. The second section contains discussion on the personality type assessment of the author of this paper. In the third and last section, the author shares how his personal assessment outcomes could affect his workRead MoreTypes And Purposes Of Assessment2165 Words   |  9 Pages Types and Purposes of Assessment. EDEL/SC650 - Assessment of Learning. Regis University Brian Sky Introduction. The use of assessments, have often focused solely to benefit the teacher. Data gathered served to expose areas were the teacher might need improvement, to adjust instruction, to re-teach certain lessons, or to stop using a program that is not working. All of this is a practical and important part of assessment. However, recent research has shown that this focus hasRead MoreDifferent Types Of Assessments Educators1027 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many different types of assessments educators will use to assess their students. The two main assessments this paper will be discussing are formative and summative. Formative assessments are complete as students are learning, while summative assessment are completed at the end of learning (exam). The formative assessment specifically concentrates on observing the students’ progress and response during instruction (Black, et al., 2003). This assessment allows the students to receive instantRead MoreDifferent Types Of Assessment Now1 087 Words   |  5 Pages2.3 TYPES OF ASSESSMENT NOW The principles of good assessment are the same whatever the medium and should be considered before looking into the options for e-assessment. Some studies found no significant differences between student performance on paper and on screen (Hardrà © et al., 2007; Ripley 2009), whereas others indicate that paper-based and computer-based tests do not necessarily measure the same skills (Bennett 2010; Horkay et al., 2006). Though the notion of assessment is generally moreRead MoreType Of Service : Health Assessment1316 Words   |  6 Pages Health History Thalia Braschi Chamberlain School of Nursing NR302-Health Assessment Part I September 2015 Service Date: 09/18/2015 Type of Service: Health Assessment (Annual) Patient Name: XV Biographic Data XV is a 47 year-old divorced Caucasian female. Born on Oct 6, 1968 in San Diego, California and currently resides in Alexandria, Virginia. Her ethnic origin is American. XV is employed full time for the Arlington County government. She is insured for medical, dental, andRead MoreThe Assessment And The Myers Briggs Type Indicator876 Words   |  4 Pagesthe organization leaving us with many theories to explore. Researchers have identified and agreed upon that individual behavior and personality relate to individual performance. I am no different. PERSONALITY Based on the Keirsey assessment and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MTBI), my results showed that I am a Guardian Provider on the Keirsey scale and typed a E(S)NJF with the Myers-Briggs model. I am extroverted (E) in that I enjoy interacting with everyone. I am not one to keep things toRead MoreAssessment Of The Myers Briggs Type Indicator888 Words   |  4 PagesMBTI Assessment Outcomes The results of my Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment revealed that I am an Introverted, Intuitive, Thinking and Perceiving (INTP) person. I don’t believe to have done this test in the past, so coming to find out that for the most part I fit the description was quite interesting. I am not necessarily everything an INTP is but it is the description that fits best. My current position at the company I work for has and will allow me to experiment with some of the materialsRead MoreMyers Briggs Type Indicator Assessment1933 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper is a critique of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment. The paper starts of giving general information about the theory, such as the author, publisher, and a brief description of the history of the assessment. Secondly the paper describes the test and its content, structure, purpose, administration, and scoring. Technical evaluation is the third section of the paper that discusses research done on the MBTI throughout the years. The technical evaluation section will talk aboutRead MoreEssay about Types of Assessment Test3590 Words   |  15 PagesTypes of Assessment Tests 1) Develop a chart (matrix) of 1000−1,250 words that compares and contrasts the different types of assessments, the characteristics of each, and for what situations each is best suited. It should address the following: a) How is each type of assessment scored? b) Discuss the value and limitations of each test in determining knowledge and skill standards. c) Analyze each instrument for reliability and validity. 2) APA format is not required, but solid academic writingRead MoreThe Jungian Personality Assessment : My Jung Type1707 Words   |  7 PagesWhat About Me Based on the Jungian personality assessment, my Jung type is INTP; which is amazingly spot on. The INTP personality type is one of the rarest, making up only three percent of the population, which is exactly how I’d like it. Just the thought of being â€Å"common† makes me cringe. A prime example of this is my preferred name, Curtis. My full name is Jon Curtis Miller and I prefer to go by my middle name. For as long as I can remember, when asked why I go by my middle name instead of my first

Pnu Application Form Free Essays

Philippine Normal University The National Center for Teacher Education OFFICE OF ADMISSION Manila 1† x 1† ID Picture APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION TEST PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY ADMISSION TEST (PNUAT) Name: _________________________________________________________________________________ Gender: ____________ Print: Last Name Given Name Middle Name Address: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Contact No: _______________________________________________ E-mail Address: ____________________________________ Date of Birth: ______________________________________________ Place of Birth: _____________________________________ Age: _________ Citizenship: ____________________________ Religion: ______________________________________________ Name of Present School: _______________________________________________________________________________________ School Address: ______________________________________________________________________________________________ EDUCATION: School Attended Elementary: ____________________________________ High School: Other Courses: ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Inclusive Dates ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Degree/Course Completed ____________________________ _______________ _____________ ____________________________ Honors/Awards Received: ______________________________________________________________________________________ Extra-Curricular Activities, Hobbies, Talents: _______________________________________________________________________ I hereby apply for permit to take the PNU Admission Test (PNUAT) on: __________________________________________ I certify that the information given on this form is true and correct. It is understood that my final acceptance to the University will depend on the results of the University’s screening procedure. I understand that I have to pay a non-refundable examination fee of P350. We will write a custom essay sample on Pnu Application Form or any similar topic only for you Order Now 00, the receipt of which is to be attached to the application form. I attach a photocopy of my High School Card / Transcript of Records. ____________________________________ Signature over Printed Name of Applicant OR # _______________________________ Date of Application: ___________________ Name: _________________________________________________________________________________ Gender: ____________ Last Name Given Name Middle Name Preferred Academic Program: (Please indicate three choices by placing 1 to 3 on the blank, no. as the most preferred) __________ __________ __________ Bachelor of Early Childhood in Education (BECED) Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED) Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSE) with specialization in – __________ Biology __________ __________ Chemistry __________ __________ English __________ __________ Filipino __________ __________ General Science __________ __________ History __________ __________ Home Economics __________ __________ Information T echnology for Teachers __________ Mathematics Others (Allied Fields – with limited enrollment) __________ Bachelor of Library and Information Science __________ Bachelor of Science in Psychology __________ Bachelor of Science in Home Economics Technology __________ AB/BSE Literature Music Education Nutrition and Dietetics for Teachers Physical Education Physics Social Science Speech and Theater Arts Values Education How to cite Pnu Application Form, Essay examples

Pearl Harbor Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Pearl Harbor Persuasive Essay Pearl Harbor was the beginning of a war between two countries that would last nearly 4 years and cost hundreds of thousands of lives. The attack was swift and successful for the Japanese and it caught the Americans totally off guard. The Day that will live in infamy drew the United States into a World War in which would change American history forever. The political climate in the pacific area in 1940 was filled with turmoil. The Japanese had extended their empire south through French Indochina and the Japanese Army was invading China, conquering a third of the country. The United States of America was shocked to see this after witnessing Hitler and his Nazis conquer most of Europe. So, the Americans had placed embargoes on their extensive trade with Japan and both countries were negotiating to try to solve their differences. The U.S. tried to negotiate with the Japanese to try to avoid war, trying to convince them that if war broke out between Japan and the United States, Japan, in the long run, would be devastated. So, Secretary of State Cordell Hull and Japanese ambassador Namura and Kiruzo talked on how to solve this crisis. These negotiations proceeded into the summer of 1941.By this time, the Japanese had realized that if they wanted to expand their empire, they would have to fight America and, possibly, her allies. So, they decided to fight. But, in order for Japan to fight America on even terms, they would have to move south, into the East Indies (where there was a lot of raw materials for the Japanese War Machine), which, at that time, were controlled by the western powers: Britain, the Netherlands, Australia, and the United States. But, there was another thorn in Japans side, the United States Pacific Fleet was moved from San Diego to Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. This was a knife at Japans throat. If they decided to move south, then the Americans would attack. So, the Japanese had to come up with a plan to get rid of this threat. They called upon their new Commander in Chief of the Combined Fleet, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto. He saw that the British, in 1940, torpedoed the Italian fleet at Toranto using old Fairy Swordfish torpedo bombers. So, Yamamoto thought if the British could use old biplanes to sink three battleships at Toranto, then he could use his modern Nakajima B5N torpedo bombers and Aichi D3A dive bombers to destroy more. So, he came up with a daring plan. He would use his six fleet aircraft carriers to strike Pearl Harbor from the sea and he ordered his invasion fleet to wait until X-Day, the Day of attack. The six aircraft carriers, commanded by Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo, would leave the Kurile Islands on November 26th, head towards Hawaii, bomb the airfields, torpedo the American ships, and destroy Pearl Harbor. While they were planning for war, Prime Minister Hideki Tojo instructed his ambassadors in Washington, D.C. to keep up negotiations for as long as they could, to try to deceive the Americans. But what Tojo didnt know was that American cryptographers had cracked the Japanese Imperial Code and were reading every message that was coming from Tokyo to all of the ambassadors in Washington and Berlin. So, the Americans knew the negotiations were not sincere and that they were planning so kind of moved on the Pacific. But, they didnt know where. It couldve been the Philippines, Guam, Wake, or the East Indies (Little did they know that it was to be all of them). So, finally, the Americans started building up its armed forces, just in case. .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 , .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .postImageUrl , .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 , .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40:hover , .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40:visited , .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40:active { border:0!important; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40:active , .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40 .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8181fd1827a5eb98ae964c4407fa7a40:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Similarities Between Poes Life And His Works EssayOn November 26, 1941, the First Air Fleet left Japan en route to Hawaii. This cruise had to be of the utmost secrecy. If the American found out about this force, they might destroy it and Japan would lose the war automatically. On December 6, the officials in Hawaii, Admiral Husband Kimmel and General Walter Short, received a war warning from Washington and they went on alert. But the next day, December 7, the alert didnt take effect, because it was Sunday and everybody had the day off. Meanwhile, in Washington, American intelligence intercepted a 14-part message to the Japanese ambassadors stating for them to break diploma tic relations with the U.S. With this, the Army Chief of Staff General George Marshall sent another war warning to all of his oversea bases in the Pacific. But, this message was not received until too late. At 8:00am, Hawaiian time, just as the island of Oahu started to wake up, 230 Japanese Zero fighter, Kate torpedo bombers, and Val Dive Bombers, appeared out of the north, and attacked everything; warships, airfields, and even people on the ground. In 110 minutes, the United States Navy suffered its worst disaster in history and the cost was staggering2,403 American sailors and soldiers were killed 1,178 people were wounded Nearly 200 airplanes were destroyed 7 battleships sunk 3 light cruisers,3 destroyers,and 5 other vessels were either sunk of damaged severely The Japanese attackers last less than 100 men: 5 of their midget subs and 1 larger one was sunk outside the Harbor entrance and 29 of their planes were destroyed by American P-40 Warhawk fighters or to anti-aircaft fire. The Japanese attack was the most successful operation in military history, but they made some mistakes. Even with all the Japanese success, the damage could have been much more extensive. While they concentrated their attacks on U.S. ships and airfields, they completely missed the dry-docks and the American carriers that had arrived later that day. And Nagumo was too afraid to risk his task force anymore than he had to. Over half the U.S. Pacific fleet was out to sea, including the carriers. Simultaneously, nearby Hickam Field was also the victim of the surprise attack by the Japanese. 18 Army Aircorps aircraft including bombers and fighters and attack bombers were destroyed or damaged on the ground. A few U.S. fighters struggled into the air against the invaders and gave a good account of themselves. As great a disaster Pearl Harbor was since a declaration of war was not given it outraged the US. The attack caused rage within the American people and they rallied quickly to bear arm s against the Japanese. Also, most ships damaged at Pearl Harbor were rebuilt within a year. So, this attack can be summed up by what Admiral Yamamoto said after the attack, I fear all we have done is to awaken the sleeping giant, and fill him with terrible resolve.